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@餐桌上的語言學家:從菜單看全球飲食文化史HK$127.00
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查看更多...Bon Appétit 史丹佛大學最受歡迎的通識課!
從冰淇淋到番茄醬、從歐洲到亞洲,跨越地理的界線探討食物、語言、文化間的關係。
美食愛好者必讀的語言學家菜單全球史。
語言學教授、麥克阿瑟獎得主任韶堂,
帶領讀者探索隱藏在食物中的全球文化歷史。每道餐說明多三個字母,你就得為烤雞或義大利麵多付五十四分錢!
作者研究了近六千五百份菜單,發現當餐廳以較長的字詞說明餐點時,該道菜的價位相對較高。平均來說,每增加一個字母,便增加十八分錢!另外,檢查餐廳是否強調「異國」或「辣味」,一旦出現「異國」或「香料」等單字,餐點價位亦隨之提高。用餐時舉杯(toast)祝福他人健康,這個行為和早餐吃的「吐司」有何關聯?
「敬酒」一詞之所以出現,源於該女性的出現為宴會增添樂趣,如同調味的烤麵包和香料能使葡萄酒更加美味一樣。當時受大眾歡迎的女性「遂如烤麵包般」,成為「鎮上最受歡迎的人」。敬酒通常多是為了祝賀某位女性的健康 ,而那位受眾人喜愛的女性便成為出席賓客「祝福的對象」(toast)。為什麼中式套餐沒有飯後「甜點」(dessert)的選項?
中式料理沒有甜點,由此可以解釋為何在中式烹飪中,烘焙以及烤箱不太重要。中式料理當然有所謂的甜食,例如美味的甜湯「糖水」(tong sui)就被視為甜點,但大多做為點心或宵夜輕食。中式套餐本來就沒有飯後甜點的概念,但仍有一套料理架構。我們熟知的番茄醬(ketchup)和臺語的魚露語出同源?
「番茄醬」原本是福建方言中的「魚露」,福建位於中國南方沿岸地區,多山環繞,也是tea(茶)這個字的源起(福建話te)。近年來愈來愈多福建人移民美國 ,因此在東岸各大華埠經常吃得到福建料理,且多搭配手工釀製的紅麴米酒,是福建飲食的一大特色。紅麴米酒與番茄醬的來源略有關係,不過米酒歷經數個世紀後仍大致維持原味,反觀番茄醬,卻數度更迭。番茄醬、糖漿、肉凍、火雞、馬卡龍、雪泥以及蒸餾酒,是波斯國王、巴格達哈里發、普羅旺斯皇室、紐約阿斯特家族的高級餐點,同時也是福建水手、埃及藥師、墨西哥修女、葡萄牙商人、西西里島上義大利麵製造者、艾摩斯特市詩人及紐約烘焙師所流傳下來的語言化石,每種餐點在傳承期間,無不調整借用食物的既定架構:杏仁餅和柑橘醬不再使用中世紀的玫瑰水和麝香,水果糖水也成為美味的冰淇淋,酸味的肉類料理糖醋燉牛肉變成基督教為了配合四旬齋創造而出的魚類料理。即使料理已產生變化,然語彙仍隱身其後,引發人們回想曾經共享過往的深厚情感,如火雞(turkey)一字讓我們得以回想,六百多年前葡萄牙人珍愛的海上祕寶,而土司(toast)和晚餐(supper)則讓我們想起中世紀時期的羊肉湯(pottage)以及充滿盛情的祝酒(wassail)。
討論美食的方式同時反映出人類對美食的期待:渴望過著健康、天然、真切的生活,並認同自身家族背景和文化,以及人類趨向樂觀和正向的天性。討論美食同時也反映出我們所認知的事實:母音的發音方式和人類微笑之間的關係、而格萊斯準則更足以回答凱蒂的問題,亦即「當我們說太多時,正意味著我們有所隱藏」:以「新鮮番茄」做為番茄醬的廣告,過度強調「新鮮」或「美味」的不切實際菜單,或過度強調健康的垃圾食物外包裝。
本書各章節的鋪陳比照正式套餐的順序,從菜單開始,接著是魚肉料理,再穿插水手和海盜的故事。休息一下,接著討論傳統晚餐烤肉上桌前的潘趣酒和烤麵包,再來是烤肉料理,並在進入飯後甜點前說說零食以及嘴饞這件事。內容包羅萬象,旁徵博引,筆調風趣,歡迎讀者盡情享用! -
@Seven Kinds of People You Find in Bookshops (Hardcover)HK$171.00
內容簡介
查看更多...A cantankerously funny view of books and the people who love them. It does take all kinds and through the misanthropic eyes of a very grumpy bookseller, we see them all―from the “Person Who Doesn't Know What They Want (But Thinks It Might Have a Blue Cover)” to the “Parents Secretly After Free Childcare.”
From behind the counter, Shaun Bythell catalogs the customers who roam his shop in Wigtown, Scotland. There’s the Expert (divided into subspecies from the Bore to the Helpful Person), the Young Family (ranging from the Exhausted to the Aspirational), Occultists (from Conspiracy Theorist to Craft Woman).
Then there's the Loiterer (including the Erotica Browser and the Self-Published Author), the Bearded Pensioner (including the Lyrca Clad), and the The Not-So-Silent Traveller (the Whistler, Sniffer, Hummer, Farter, and Tutter). Two bonus sections include Staff and, finally, Perfect Customer―all add up to one of the funniest book about books you’ll ever find.
Shaun Bythell (author of Confessions of a Bookseller) and his mordantly unique observational eye make this perfect for anyone who loves books and bookshops.
“Bythell is having fun and it’s infectious.”―Scotsman
“Virtuosic venting ... misanthropy with bursts of sweetness.”―Guardian
“All the ingredients for a gentle human comedy are here, as soothing as a bag of boiled sweets and just as tempting to dip into.”―Literary Review
“Any reader finding this book in their stocking on Christmas morning should feel lucky...contains plenty to amuse―an excellent diversion”―Bookmunch
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Talking to Strangers: What We Should Know about the People We Don't KnowHK$76.00
內容簡介
The routine traffic stop that ends in tragedy. The spy who spends years undetected at the highest levels of the Pentagon. The false conviction of Amanda Knox. Why do we so often get other people wrong? Why is it so hard to detect a lie, read a face or judge a stranger's motives? Through a series of encounters and misunderstandings - from history, psychology and infamous legal cases - Malcolm Gladwell takes us on an intellectual adventure into the darker side of human nature, where strangers are never simple and misreading them can have disastrous consequences. No one challenges our shared assumptions like Malcolm Gladwell. Here he uses stories of deceit and fatal errors to cast doubt on our strategies for dealing with the unknown, inviting us to rethink our thinking in these troubled times.查看更多...



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